If English teachers could return the joy of learning through the learners, I believe, most of the psychological and emotional problems and barriers of learning (e.g. Demotivating, afraid of appearing foolish or stupid by other classmates s, hyness etc) would be removed .to do so we, as responsible teacher should pave the way in order to have joyful atmosphere in the class. one of the major task of the teacher to have this kind of class is learning through games, dramas and role plays .but first of all we ought to know what a game is really ,then we at the other ups I am going to write some other articles about ESL games in very detailed and classified parts (e.g. in areas of language and skill )we want to decrease the barriers that lead in frustrating in learning as much as possible.
1. what is a game, really?
In the German language a game is any activity which is executed only for pleasure and without conscious purpose. In this definition every activity that brings pleasure is a game. For example, people dance, play musical instruments, act in plays, and play with dolls and model trains.
This definition people use today comes from the works of Johan Huizinga (Homo Ludens, 1938) and Friedrich Georg Jünger (Die Spiele, 1959). But there are more ways to define games. Manfred Eigen's and Ruthild Winkler's definition for game goes beyond the definition used by Huizinga. They see a game as a natural phenomenon: half necessity and half coincidence (Das Spiel, 1975). Their definition of games comes closer to Adornos' definition, who set himself apart from Huizinga by identifying games as an art form.
But in our sense these definitions are too wide, we define game more succinctly. Thus, I am writing about games which belong to the class that includes Chess, 9 Man's Morris, Checkers, Halma, Go, Parchisi, Monopoly, Scrabble, Skat, Rummy, Bridge, Memory, Jack Straws, Dominoes, and so on. Unfortunately, our language does not have a good term to call these games. Terms like table games, society games, tournament games are too narrow. In my opinion, the best term would be "rulegames" = "games with rules"
ادامه مطلب